Abstract Background The upper gastrointestinal tract plays a prominent role in human physiology as the primary site for enzymatic Door Closing Hook digestion and nutrient absorption, immune sampling, and drug uptake.Alterations to the small intestine microbiome have been implicated in various human diseases, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis an
Protoporphyrin (PP) and biliverdin (BV) give rise to the enormous diversity in avian egg coloration.Egg color serves several ecological purposes, including post-mating signaling and camouflage.Egg camouflage represents a major character of open-nesting birds which accomplish protection of their unhatched offspring against visually oriented predator
Samiah Shahid,1,2 Ayesha Khan,1 Wajeehah Shahid,3 Mehvesh Rehan,2 Roha Asif,1 Haseeb Nisar,4 Qudsia Kanwal,5 Jeong Ryeol Choi6 1Research Centre for Health Sciences (RCHS), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; 3Department of Physics, The Univ
As an environmental enrichment, music can positively influence the immune function, while noise has an adverse effect on the physical and mental health of humans and animals.However, whether music-enriched environments mitigate noise-induced acute stress remains unclear.To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of music on the immune organs of b